“数”造新动能，数字经济澎湃浙江******
【乌镇实践】
光明日报见习记者 刘习 光明日报记者 王美莹
小桥流水，静谧从容；水墨江南，细腻温柔。在这收获的季节，乌镇和互联网的“约会”也步入第九个年头。八年来，数字经济的引擎动能，深深改变着这个江南小镇，进而影响着整个浙江。
“乌镇之光”超算中心收获了3600多个用户的青睐，承接了多个国家级科研项目。与之对应，集聚103名到访院士、54名进家院士的乌镇院士之家是软实力保障。强大的人才队伍加速推动技术成果从“实验室”向“车间”转化，是技术和生产革新背后的“最强智库”。
上届世界互联网大会与桐乡崇福镇签约的清焓科技，在乌镇院士之家的帮助下成为国内首条具备年产能100万平方米的新型采暖建材示范生产线。公司董事长王昕感慨不已：“院士之家给我提供了一个很好的平台。”
八年来，乌镇的数字经济企业数从最初的12家增至如今超过1000家。2022年上半年，乌镇数字经济核心产业完成投资额15.9亿元，同比增长27.2%，成为经济增长和高质量发展的助推器。
以乌镇为原点，互联网的涟漪不断荡漾开去，深深浸润着浙江大地。
在数字经济与实体经济的深度融合的浪潮中，浙江的企业在不断地变化迭代。地处浙江台州的双环传动新能源汽车零部件工厂，刚刚晋级“未来工厂”。在双环传动车间内，处处可闻机器轰鸣，却鲜见工人。
“未来工厂里，一个大学生带着一群机器人工作。”双环传动项目经理林菊华说。从前，每条生产线需配备12名工人，现在仅需3至5人。同时，借助VR眼镜，可以在双环传动数字驾驶舱“虚拟工厂”看到整条运转产线，管理人员可以实时了解情况，实现远程操控。
从最初的机器换人，到之后的车间智能化改造，再到如今的进阶版未来工厂，数字化加持的制造业在浙江释放出新的生机。日前，浙江全省未来工厂总数升至41家，涵盖信息通信技术、汽车、家居、纺织等行业。
数字化不仅带来生产效率的提升，也渗透到居民生活更多方面，使人们得以共享数字经济发展所带来的红利。在淳安县下姜村，70岁以上老人有105人，其中独居的有15人。国网杭州供电公司用“电力关爱码”为关照独居老人交出了“数智答卷”，应用上自动生成的红、黄、绿三色码可以及时研判并预警突发情况。
“以往我们对独居老人的日常监护，只能一户户敲门，现在‘电力关爱码’接入了‘浙政钉’平台，当出现红、黄码时，异常信息会以钉消息通知到乡镇管理员、村社网格员和电力志愿者，通过定位系统，我们三方工作人员可及时赶到现场处理异常情况。”下姜村网格员姜祖见说。
“全国很多乡村都存在巨大的数字赋能空间。浙江省淳安县下姜村在这方面作出了有益探索，使乡村发生了一系列意义深远的变化。”新时代文化旅游研究院院长吴若山说。
今天，5G已揭开面纱，连同AR、VR等新技术一起嵌入“寻常”的生产生活场景，居民生活，智能汽车、智能计算、智能传感和工业互联网“三智一网”产业蓬勃发展。
世界互联网大会迸发的数字之力从乌镇出发，激活经济社会发展的新动能。借力数字经济，浙江打通了新时代发展的“任督二脉”。九年来，一张张承载着数字经济发展的蓝图覆盖了整个浙江，为推进数字中国建设提供了区域样本。
一个数字文明的智造新时代在浙江悄然开启。在这里，新旧交替；在这里，万象更新！
《光明日报》（ 2022年11月08日 10版）
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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